Do–Galvin conjecture on asymptotic normality of graph Stirling sequences for acyclic graphs

For each n0n\geq 0, let GnG_n be an acyclic graph on nn vertices, and write {Gnk}{G_n \brace k} for the number of partitions of the vertex set of GnG_n into kk non-empty independent sets. A sequence (an,k)kZ(a_{n,k})_{k\in\mathbb Z} is asymptotically normal if, for the random variable XnX_n with

Pr(Xn=k)=an,kj0an,j,\Pr(X_n=k)=\frac{a_{n,k}}{\sum_{j\geq 0}a_{n,j}},

we have, uniformly in xRx\in\mathbb R,

Pr(Xnμnσnx)Pr(Zx)\Pr\left(\frac{X_n-\mu_n}{\sigma_n}\leq x\right)\longrightarrow \Pr(Z\leq x)

as nn\to\infty, where μn\mu_n and σn\sigma_n are the mean and standard deviation of XnX_n, and ZZ is standard normal. Do–Galvin conjecture. If GnG_n is an acyclic graph on nn vertices, then the graph Stirling sequence

({Gnk})kZ\left({G_n \brace k}\right)_{k\in\mathbb Z}

is asymptotically normal. This extends Harper's theorem for the empty graphs, whose graph Stirling sequences are the ordinary Stirling sequences of the second kind. Do and Galvin proved the conjecture under the additional condition that GnG_n has no more than o ⁣(n/logn)o\!\left(\sqrt{n/\log n}\right) components; the unrestricted acyclic case remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

David Galvin, “Asymptotic normality of some graph sequences”, arXiv:1309.0124 (2013).

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