Arithmetic-progression conjecture for rank-generating functions

Let Fλ(q)F_{\lambda}(q) be the rank-generating function for partitions contained inside a partition λ\lambda, and let

λ=a,at,,a(b1)t\lambda=\langle a,a-t,\dots,a-(b-1)t\rangle

be a partition whose parts form an arithmetic progression. A polynomial is unimodal if its coefficients weakly increase and then weakly decrease. Arithmetic-progression unimodality conjecture. If ta/bt\ge a/b, then Fλ(q)F_{\lambda}(q) is unimodal. Equivalently, this asserts unimodality for all such arithmetic-progression partitions that begin with the smallest possible positive integer. The staircase case is known, but the conjecture remains open in general; the source also notes that some truncated staircases outside this range are nonunimodal.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Richard P. Stanley and Fabrizio Zanello, “Unimodality of partitions with distinct parts inside Ferrers shapes”, arXiv:1305.6083 (2015).

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