The finite-field product-set arithmetic progression conjecture

Let pp be a prime and let BFpB\subset\mathbb{F}_p be a set, with pp and B|B| large. Write B.B={bb:b,bB}B.B=\{bb':b,b'\in B\}, and let an arithmetic progression (AP) in B.BB.B mean a set of the form {a,a+d,,a+(L1)d}\{a,a+d,\ldots,a+(L-1)d\} with d0d\ne 0.

Finite-field product-set conjecture. There is an absolute constant c>0c>0 such that, whenever

B<cp,|B|<c\sqrt p,

the product set B.BB.B cannot contain an arithmetic progression of size greater than B1+o(1)|B|^{1+o(1)}.

Sets BB of size O(p)O(\sqrt p) can have B.B=FpB.B=\mathbb{F}_p, so the restriction to smaller sets is essential. The conjecture proposes an essentially linear upper bound, up to the factor Bo(1)|B|^{o(1)}, for the length of an arithmetic progression in a finite-field product set.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Dmitry Zhelezov, “Product sets cannot contain long arithmetic progressions”, arXiv:1305.4416 (2014).

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