Cubic formula conjecture for the minimum number of two-by-two spectral radii

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For a finite set A⊂R+A\subset\mathbb{R}^+, define

Ω2(A)={ρ(M):M∈A2×2}.\Omega_2(A)=\{\rho(M):M\in A^{2\times 2}\}.

For k≥1k\geq 1, define

rk:=min⁡{∣Ω2(A)∣:∣A∣=k}.r_k:=\min\{|\Omega_2(A)|:|A|=k\}.

A cubic minimum conjecture asserts

rk=12(2k3−k2+k)=kT(k)+(k−1)T(k−1),r_k=\frac{1}{2}(2k^3-k^2+k)=kT(k)+(k-1)T(k-1),

where T(k)=k(k+1)/2T(k)=k(k+1)/2 is the kk-th triangular number; moreover, rk=∣Ω2(A)∣r_k=|\Omega_2(A)| when AA is a geometric progression with ∣A∣=k|A|=k.

References

Primary source

J. A. Dias da Silva and Pedro J. Freitas, “Counting Spectral Radii of Matrices with Positive Entries”, arXiv:1305.1139 (2013).

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