The Euler-product characterization of GRH for nonprincipal Dirichlet L-functions

Let χ\chi be a primitive nonprincipal Dirichlet character, and let L(s,χ)L(s,\chi) be its Dirichlet LL-function. For each ss with Re(s)>1/2{\rm Re}(s)>1/2, consider the ordered partial Euler products over primes pnp\le n.

Euler-product characterization of GRH. If χ\1\chi\ne\1, then

L(s,χ)=limnpn(1χ(p)ps)1,L(s,\chi)=\lim_{n\to\infty}\prod_{p\le n}(1-\chi(p)p^{-s})^{-1},

where the product is taken over all primes pp satisfying pnp\le n.

The source states that, for χ\1\chi\ne\1, this is equivalent to the generalized Riemann hypothesis. Since the products are not absolutely convergent, their ordering by increasing primes is essential.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Taro Kimura, Shin-ya Koyama and Nobushige Kurokawa, “Euler Products beyond the Boundary”, arXiv:1210.1216 (2013).

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