Generalized determinantal representation conjecture for real-zero polynomials

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Let p∈R[x1,…,xd]p \in {\mathbb R}[x_1,\ldots,x_d] be an RZx0RZ_{x^0} polynomial of degree mm with p(x0)=1p(x^0)=1. Here, RZx0RZ_{x^0} means real-zero with respect to x0x^0. Generalized determinantal representation conjecture. There exists an RZx0RZ_{x^0} polynomial h∈R[x1,…,xd]h \in {\mathbb R}[x_1,\ldots,x_d] of degree ℓ\ell with h(x0)=1h(x^0)=1, such that the closure of the connected component of x0x^0 in {x∈Rd ⁣:h(x)>0}\{x \in {\mathbb R}^d \colon h(x)>0\} contains the closure of the connected component of x0x^0 in {x∈Rd ⁣:p(x)>0}\{x \in {\mathbb R}^d \colon p(x)>0\}, and there are matrices A0,A1,…,Ad∈Sn×nA_0,A_1,\ldots,A_d \in {\mathbb S}^{n\times n}, with n≥m+ℓn\geq m+\ell and

A0+x10A1+⋯+xd0Ad=I,A_0+x^0_1A_1+\cdots+x^0_dA_d=I,

such that

det⁡(A0+x1A1+⋯+xdAd)=p(x)h(x).\det(A_0+x_1A_1+\cdots+x_dA_d)=p(x)h(x).

This is proposed as the best possible generalization of the planar LMI representation theorem to higher dimensions: a determinantal representation may require an additional real-zero factor hh, while the resulting matrix size is bounded below by the total degree m+ℓm+\ell.

References

Primary source

Victor Vinnikov, “LMI Representations of Convex Semialgebraic Sets and Determinantal Representations of Algebraic Hypersurfaces: Past, Present, and Future”, arXiv:1205.2286 (2012).

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