Period-equality conjecture for nim-sequences and zero-position sequences

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Let GG be a subtraction game, let G(n)\mathcal{G}(n) denote the nim-value of a pile of size nn, and define the zero-position indicator sequence V(n)\mathcal{V}(n) by

V(n)={0,if G(n)=0;1,otherwise.\mathcal{V}(n)= \begin{cases} 0,&\text{if }\mathcal{G}(n)=0;\\ 1,&\text{otherwise}. \end{cases}

Period-equality conjecture. For every subtraction game, the sequences {G(n)}\{\mathcal{G}(n)\} and {V(n)}\{\mathcal{V}(n)\} have the same period pp. Since subtraction-game nim-sequences are periodic, the indicator sequence is periodic as well; the conjecture asserts that passing to zero versus nonzero nim-values does not reduce the period. Its general status is open.

References

Primary source

Nhan Bao Ho, “On the expansion of three-element subtraction sets”, arXiv:1202.2986 (2014).

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