Zero-mean conjecture for irregular delay-equation solutions

Let II be the parameter interval for which β\beta yields no stable steady state or stable periodic solution, and let vβ(t;ϕ)v_\beta(t;\phi) solve

dvdt=v+sin(2πβv(t1)),v(t)=ϕ(t)(1t0).\frac{d v}{d t}=-v+\sin(2\pi\beta v(t-1)),\qquad v(t)=\phi(t)\quad(-1\leq t\leq0).

For an initial function ϕC([1,0],R)\phi\in C([-1,0],\mathbb{R}) satisfying ϕ(t)+sin(2πβϕ(t))≢0-\phi(t)+\sin(2\pi\beta\phi(t))\not\equiv0, define

μ(β;ϕ)=limT1T0Tvβ(t;ϕ)dt.\mu(\beta;\phi)=\lim_{T\to\infty}\frac{1}{T}\int_0^T v_\beta(t;\phi)\,dt.

Zero-mean conjecture. For every such ϕ\phi and every βI\beta\in I, μ(β;ϕ)=0\mu(\beta;\phi)=0. The authors state that this is unproved for irregular solutions; it holds for symmetric periodic solutions, and the conjecture remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Jinzhi Lei and Michael C. Mackey, “Deterministic Brownian motion generated from differential delay equations”, arXiv:1105.1580 (2011).

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