The relative-density conjecture for primitive smooth solutions

From papers

Let N(H,κ)N^*(H,\kappa) denote the number of primitive smooth solutions and let N(H,κ)N(H,\kappa) denote the total number of smooth solutions below HH. For 1<κ<1<\kappa<\infty, consider the relative density N(H,κ)/N(H,κ)N^*(H,\kappa)/N(H,\kappa) as HH\to\infty.

Relative-density conjecture for primitive solutions.

limHN(H,κ)N(H,κ)={1ζ(23κ),3<κ<,0,1<κ3.\lim_{H\to\infty}\frac{N^*(H,\kappa)}{N(H,\kappa)}= \begin{cases} \dfrac{1}{\zeta\left(2-\dfrac{3}{\kappa}\right)},&3<\kappa<\infty,\\ 0,&1<\kappa\leq 3. \end{cases}

The conjecture predicts a qualitative transition at κ=3\kappa=3: primitive smooth solutions have positive limiting relative density above the threshold and density zero at or below it. The source presents this as conjectural and gives no proof or disproof.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

J. C. Lagarias and K. Soundararajan, “Counting Smooth Solutions to the Equation A+B=C”, arXiv:1102.4911 (2011).

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