Tóth's phase-transition conjecture for spontaneous magnetization

Let m(β)m(\beta) denote the spontaneous magnetization of the quantum Heisenberg ferromagnet, represented through the interchange process on [r,r]3[-r,r]^3 at inverse temperature β\beta. Let cβ(0)c_\beta(0) be the size of the cycle containing 00 at time β\beta, and let sk(β)s_k(\beta) be the number of cycles of length kk. Tóth's conjecture. The function m(β)m(\beta) admits a phase transition: there exists some βc\beta_c such that

m(β)=0for β<βc,m(\beta)=0\quad\text{for }\beta<\beta_c,

and

m(β)>0for β>βc.m(\beta)>0\quad\text{for }\beta>\beta_c.

This conjecture concerns the existence of an ordered, or high-β\beta, phase in the quantum Heisenberg ferromagnet. The existence of that phase remains open; the main unresolved issue is not sharpness or uniqueness of the transition, but whether the high-β\beta phase exists at all.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Gil Alon and Gady Kozma, “The probability of long cycles in interchange processes”, arXiv:1009.3723 (2012).

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