The local limit conjecture for the Mahonian distribution on words

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Let N=e1=a1+⋯+amN=e_1=a_1+\dots+a_m be the word length, let a∗=max⁡jaja^*=\max_j a_j, and set N∗=N−a∗N_*=N-a^*. For a uniformly random word with aja_j occurrences of the letter jj, let Ma1,…,amM_{a_1,\dots,a_m} be its number of inversions, with mean μ=μ(a1,…,am)\mu=\mu(a_1,\dots,a_m) and standard deviation σ=σ(a1,…,am)\sigma=\sigma(a_1,\dots,a_m).

Local limit conjecture. Uniformly for all choices of a1,…,ama_1,\dots,a_m and all integers kk,

P(Ma1,…,am=k)=12πσ(exp⁡(−(k−μ)22σ2)+O(1N∗)).\mathcal P(M_{a_1,\dots,a_m}=k)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}\sigma}\left(\exp\left(-\frac{(k-\mu)^2}{2\sigma^2}\right)+O\left(\frac{1}{N_*}\right)\right).

This would refine the paper's asymptotic normality theorem to a local limit theorem for the Mahonian inversion distribution; the conjecture remains open in the source.

References

Primary source

E. Rodney Canfield, Svante Janson and Doron Zeilberger, “The Mahonian probability distribution on words is asymptotically normal”, arXiv:0908.2089 (2009).

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