Generalization of Beardon’s theorem to tame rational functions

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Let K\mathbb{K} be a field of characteristic char⁡(K)\operatorname{char}(\mathbb{K}), and let ff be a rational function over K\mathbb{K} whose degree is not a multiple of char⁡(K)\operatorname{char}(\mathbb{K}). For a rational function gg, write Γ(g)\Gamma(g) for its group of compositional symmetries. The preceding theorem asserts that for tame polynomials p1,…,pmp_1,\ldots,p_m, if k1,…,km,kk_1,\ldots,k_m,k are the orders of Γ(p1),…,Γ(pm),Γ(p1∘⋯∘pm)\Gamma(p_1),\ldots,\Gamma(p_m),\Gamma(p_1\circ\cdots\circ p_m), respectively, then kk divides k1⋯kmk_1\cdots k_m. Generalized Beardon conjecture. Theorem is true for every rational function whose degree is not a multiple of the characteristic of the field. The conjecture would extend the divisibility result from tame polynomials to rational functions; the preceding example shows that the polynomial proof does not directly generalize in the rational case because fields of the same degree need not be unique.

References

Primary source

Jaime Gutierrez and David Sevilla, “On decomposition of tame polynomials and rational functions”, arXiv:0804.1649 (2008).

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