Eventual unimodality of the coefficients of the q-Catalan numbers

Let Cn(q)=k=0n(n1)mn(k)qkC_n(q)=\sum_{k=0}^{n(n-1)}m_n(k)q^k denote the qq-Catalan numbers and let mn(k)m_n(k) be their coefficients. Eventual unimodality conjecture. The sequence

{mn(1),,mn(n(n1)1)}\{m_n(1),\ldots,m_n(n(n-1)-1)\}

is unimodal when nn is sufficiently large. The limiting normal distribution suggests that the coefficients become almost unimodal after omitting the first and last terms; the claim is supported by computation showing that Cn(q)C_n(q) is unimodal for n16n\geq 16, but remains unproved.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

William Y. C. Chen, Carol J. Wang and Larry X. W. Wang, “The Limiting Distribution of the Coefficients of the q-Catalan Numbers”, arXiv:0708.2574 (2007).

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