mean value problem

Let d2d\geq 2 be an integer, let

P(w)=adwd+ad1wd1++a1w+a0,ajC, ad0,P(w)=a_d w^d+a_{d-1}w^{d-1}+\cdots+a_1 w+a_0,\qquad a_j\in\mathbb{C},\ a_d\neq 0,

be a polynomial of degree dd over C\mathbb{C}, and call cCc\in\mathbb{C} a critical point of PP if P(c)=0P'(c)=0. Let zCz\in\mathbb{C} be a point with P(z)0P'(z)\neq 0, so that zz is not itself a critical point.

Then there exists a critical point cc of PP such that

P(z)P(c)zcKP(z)with K=1,\left|\frac{P(z)-P(c)}{z-c}\right|\leq K\,|P'(z)|\qquad\text{with }K=1,

the constant KK being independent of dd, of PP, and of zz.

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Wikipedia

Additional references

  1. Wikipedia, Mean value problem, the article this problem comes from.

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